Lecture 6: Cryptography

- Cryptography - Cryptanalysis - Plaintext - Ciphertext - Cipher - Encryption - Decryption - Restricted algorithm - Kerckhoffs's Principle - Properties of a good cryptosystem - Symmetric key cipher - Substitution cipher - Monoalphabetic substitution cipher - Atbash cipher - Caesar cipher - Frequency analysis - Polyalphabetic substitution cipher - Alberti cipher - Vigenère cipher - Repeating key - Keystream - Coincidences - exclusive-or operation - Stream cipher - Keystream generator - Rotor machine - Transposition cipher

- Scytale - Columnar transposition - Combined cipher - Block cipher - Iterative cipher - Round (in an iterative cipher) - Subkey - SP-Network - S-box - Confusion - Diffusion - Key length - DES - Data Encryption Standard - Feistel cipher (general idea) - 3DES (triple-DES) - AES (just the most basic concepts) - Chosen plaintext attack - Known plaintext attack - Ciphertext-only attack - Goal of differential cryptanalysis - Goal of linear cryptanalysis - Electronic Codebook (ECB) mode encryption - Cipher Block Chaining (CBC) mode encryption - Counter (CTR) mode encryption